[Short Notes – E&B] NCERT Class VI – Science, Garbage in, Garbage out – Chapter 16
[Short Notes – E&B] NCERT Class VI – Science, Getting to Know Plants – Chapter 7
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Read complete book (must) at NCERT Class VI – Science, Garbage in, Garbage out – Chapter 16
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We throw out so much rubbish or garbage everyday from our homes, schools, shops and offices.
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We generate so much garbage in our day-to-day activities!
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What if the garbage is not removed from our homes and surroundings?
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When safai karamcharis take the garbage from the bins, where does the garbage go and what happens to it?
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DEALING WITH GARBAGE
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Safai karamcharis collect the garbage in trucks and take it to a low lying open area, called a landfill.
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There the part of the garbage that can be reused is separated out from the one that cannot be used as such.
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Useful components
Nonuseful components.
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non-useful component is separated out.
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It is then spread over the landfill and then covered with a layer of soil.
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Once the landfill is completely full, it is usually converted into a park or a play ground.
For the next 20 years or so, no building is constructed on it.
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To deal with some of the useful components of garbage, compost making areas are developed near the landfill.
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In some cities and towns muncipalities provide separate dustbins for collecting two kinds of garbage.
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Usually one is coloured blue and the other green.
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The blue bin is for materials that can be used again — such as plastics, metals and glass. These are the materials that do not rot in the garbage heaps.
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The green bins are for collecting kitchen and other plant or animal wastes. This type of wastes rot completely when buried in the soil.
Compost
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Some things in the garbage rot. They form manure which is used for the plants.
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The rotting and conversion of some materials into manure is called ‘composting’.
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Most of the time garbage heaps of dried leaves on the roadside are burnt.
Farmers too often burn the husk, dried leaves and part of crop plants in their fields after harvesting.
Burning of these, produces smoke and gases that are harmful to our health.
We should try to stop such practices.
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These wastes could be converted into useful compost.
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Should government make a law against the burning of leaves and other plant wastes anywhere in India. ??
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VERMICOMPOSTING
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earthworms are called farmer’s friend
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a type of earthworm called redworm is used for composting
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This method of preparing compost with the help of redworms is called vermicomposting.
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Redworms do not have teeth. They have a structure called ‘gizzard’, which helps them in grinding their food.
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A redworm can eat food equal to its own weight, in a day.
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Redworms do not survive in very hot or very cold surroundings. They also need moisture around them.
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A lot of money can be saved by vermicomposting that is spent on buying expensive chemical fertilizers and manure from the market.
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Paper can be recycled
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PLASTICS – BOON OR A CURSE
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Some kind of plastics can be recycled, but, not all of them.
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The use of plastics in itself might not create so much of a problem.
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Problems arise when we use plastics excessively and are ignorant about ways of disposing their waste.
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This is what is happening all around us!
We might even be acting irresponsibly, knowing well about its harmful effects.
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All kind of plastics give out harmful gases, upon heating or burning.
These gases may cause many health problems, including cancer, in humans.
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People often fill garbage in plastic bags and then throw it away. When stray animals look for food in these bags, they end up swallowing these.
Sometimes, they die due to this.
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The plastic bags thrown away carelessly on roads and other places get
into drains and the sewer system.
As a result, drains get choked and the water spills on the roads.
During heavy rains, it might even create a flood like situation.
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How to minimise over use of plastics and deal with garbage?
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Make a minimum use of plastic bags.
Re-use the bags whenever it is possible to do so without any adverse affects.
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Insist shopkeepers to use paper bags.
Carry a cloth or a jute bag when we go out for shopping.
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Do not use plastic bags to store eatables.
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Do not throw plastic bags here and there, after use.
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Never burn plastic bags and other plastic items.
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Do not put garbage in plastic bags and throw it away.
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Use vermicomposting at home and deal with kitchen waste usefully.
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Recycle paper
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Use both sides of the paper to write.
Use a slate for rough work.
Use blank sheets of paper left in our notebooks for rough work.
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We make our family, friends and others to follow proper practices for disposing different kinds of wastes.
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more garbage we generate, more difficult it will be to get rid of it.
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