@wonderboy
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@deejaisw , We are continuously posting articles related to CSAT for your preapration.
Apart from that you can post questions in forum and discuss with other members.
There is an UPSC news section to read today’s important news.
Hope that helps
Intellectual property rights are the rights given to persons over the creations of their minds. They usually give the creator an exclusive right over the use of his/her creation for a certain period of time.
Intellectual property rights are customarily divided into two main areas:
(i) Copyright and rights related to copyright. back to top
The rights of authors of literary and artistic works (such as books and other writings, musical compositions, paintings, sculpture, computer programs and films) are protected by copyright, for a minimum period of 50 years after the death of the author.
Also protected through copyright and related (sometimes referred to as “neighbouring”) rights are the rights of performers (e.g. actors, singers and musicians), producers of phonograms (sound recordings) and broadcasting organizations. The main social purpose of protection of copyright and related rights is to encourage and reward creative work.
(ii) Industrial property.
Industrial property can usefully be divided into two main areas:
One area can be characterized as the protection of distinctive signs, in particular trademarks (which distinguish the goods or services of one undertaking from those of other undertakings) and geographical indications (which identify a good as originating in a place where a given characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin).
The protection of such distinctive signs aims to stimulate and ensure fair competition and to protect consumers, by enabling them to make informed choices between various goods and services. The protection may last indefinitely, provided the sign in question continues to be distinctive.
Other types of industrial property are protected primarily to stimulate innovation, design and the creation of technology. In this category fall inventions (protected by patents), industrial designs and trade secrets.
The social purpose is to provide protection for the results of investment in the development of new technology, thus giving the incentive and means to finance research and development activities.
A functioning intellectual property regime should also facilitate the transfer of technology in the form of foreign direct investment, joint ventures and licensing.
The protection is usually given for a finite term (typically 20 years in the case of patents).
While the basic social objectives of intellectual property protection are as outlined above, it should also be noted that the exclusive rights given are generally subject to a number of limitations and exceptions, aimed at fine-tuning the balance that has to be found between the legitimate interests of right holders and of users.
Happy Birthday @rc89… Have a blast 🙂
@amresh please do provide the solution too .. 🙂
Firstly Meanings :
Thwart : verb
gerund or present participle: thwarting
- prevent (someone) from accomplishing something.
“he never did anything to thwart his father”
- oppose (a plan, attempt, or ambition) successfully.
“the government had been able to thwart all attempts by opposition leaders to form new parties”
synonyms:foil, frustrate, baulk, stand in the way of, forestall
@gkm92, @sachire and @tusharjain
Question 2 : Correct ans is ” B ”
“A” : writing: including
“C” : writing: these include
When a colon serves to introduce a list, the list that follows the colon must be COMPLETE.
In contrast, forms of to include serve to introduce a PARTIAL LIST.
Thus, it is contradictory to employ a COLON (which serves to introduce a COMPLETE list) along with a form of to include (which serves to introduce a PARTIAL list).
Eliminate A and C.
D: writing, which includes
E: writing that includes
Here, the implication is that the WRITING includes historical texts.
Not the intended meaning.
Non-underlined portion: Suniti Namjoshi INCORPORATES many types of literature into her writing.
In other words, the author herself INCLUDES these types of literature when she writes.
Eliminate D and E.
@gkm92, @sachire and @tusharjain
Question 1. Correct ans is ” B “
Why the other options are incorrect :
“A” : It should be that has convinced in parallel to organic food industry has organised.
“C” : If you say “subject + clause + BY VERBing“, then “by VERBing” must explain HOW the main clause occurred.
e.g. I prepared for the test by reviewing takeaways on the CAT forums.
note that the boldface clause describes HOW i prepared for the test.
Using this fact, choice (c) would mean that using websites, etc. was HOW the industry organized the campaign — in other words, they used the websites and public meetings to organize the campaign in the first place. that’s an incorrect meaning.
(the campaign ITSELF used these things; the correct modifier in (a) and (b) shows that relationship.)
“D” : The construction “X, Y, as well as Z” simply doesn’t exist. The only way to properly string three items in a list is “X, Y, and Z”.
Another way to figure out that this is wrong is to realize that “as well as …” is a MODIFIER, and thus can be stricken from the sentence without affecting the surrounding grammar.
that’s problematic: if you strike “as well as mass mailings” from (d), you get remaining words that clearly don’t work.
NOTE : “as well as” is NOT a replacement for “and”.
“E” : incorrectly used modifier “in convincing”.
* if you say “subject + clause + IN VERBing“, then subject + clause must be an ACTUAL PART of the action of VERBing.
e.g. I solved all the problems in TMH in preparing for the GMAT.
–> notice that solving the problems IS ACTUALLY PART OF preparing for the test.
choice (e) fails here, since organizing the campaign (the main clause) is not ACTUALLY PART OF convincing the government.
this is one of two problems with choice (e).
The other is incorrect verb tense. “which used” (simple past tense) shouldn’t be in a tense occurring prior to “has organized” (present perfect). This construction mistakenly suggests that the campaign “used X, Y, and Z” before it was even organized in the first place.
@gkm92 solve with proper explanations ….. always
@gkm92 please post explanation for your answer too….
India has formal diplomatic relations with most nations; it is the world’s second most populous country, the world’s most-populous democracy and one of the fastest growing major economies. With the world’s eighth largest military expenditure, third largest armed force, tenth largest economy by nominal rates and third largest economy in terms of purchasing power parity, India is a regional power, a nascent great power and a potential superpower. India’s growing international influence gives it a prominent voice in global affairs. The Economist magazine argues, however, that underinvestment in diplomacy and a lack of strategic vision have minimised India’s influence in the world.
You can read more at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_India
multiply 1st eq by 3
so it becomes 15x + 12y = 96
and 2nd eq is 15x + 2py = 96
subtract both
u will get 2py = 12
2p = 12
p = 6@lalithasrip here is the solution for ur question :
Lets suppose the no. of boys and girls be 7x and 3x .
so 7x(0.5) – 3x(0.75) = 3.75
-> 14x – 9x = 15 -> x = 3
so there are 7.3 = 21 boys and 3.3 = 9 girls.
Let y of them exchange coins
so (21-y)0.5 + 0.75 y = 2[(9-y) 0.75 +0.5 y]
-> 42 -2y + 3y = 54-6y + 4y -> 42+y =54-2y
-> 3y = 12 -> y = 4
so they exchanged 4 coins . Ans 🙂Paint any one face with any color, then we can paint the opposite face in 5 ways.
Now, the remaining 4 faces are like circle, so 3! waysHence 5*3! = 30 ways
11.) The sum of a few (more than 2 and less than 100) consecutive integers is found
to be 253. There can be 2 values of the total number of terms. The positive difference between these 2 values will be
(a) 15 (b) 20 (c) 25 (d) 35 (e) 4512.) A semicircle with radius R is contained in a square whose sides have length 1 unit. The maximum value of R is
a. 2 – √2 b. (√2 + 1)/4 c. √3 – √2 d. (√6 + 2)/8 e. (√6 – √2)/213.) 10) A vertical cylinder vessel contains water in it up to height of √3 unit. The cylinder is then tilted till its axis make 30 degrees with the vertical and the level of water just covers the base of the vessel. The radius of the base of the vessel is
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) √3/2 (d) 2/√3 (e) none of the foregoing14.) For real x and y if f(x, y) = f(x+y, 1) + f(1, x+y). Then f(x, 1-x)/f(x, -x) equals
(a) ½ (b) 1 (c) 2/3 (d) 2 (e) 3/2I dont have OA to these questions 🙂
