Cropping Season in India
India has three cropping seasons — Rabi, Kharif and Zaid
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Rabi Season
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Sown in winter from October to December
Harvested in summer from April to June.
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Important Rabi crops : wheat, barley, peas, gram and mustard.
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Though, these crops are grown in large parts of India, states from the north and north-western parts such as Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttaranchal and Uttar Pradesh are important for the production of wheat and other rabi crops.
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Availability of precipitation during winter months due to the western temperate cyclones helps in the success of these crops.
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The success of the green revolution in Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh and parts of Rajasthan has also been an important factor in the growth of the above- mentioned rabi crops.
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Kharif Season
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Grown with the onset of monsoon in different parts of the country
Harvested in September-October.
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Important crops grown during this season : paddy, maize, jowar, bajra, tur (arhar), moong, urad, cotton, jute, groundnut and soyabean.
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Most important rice-growing regions : Assam, West Bengal, coastal regions of Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Maharashtra, particularly the (Konkan coast) along with Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
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Recently, paddy has also become an important crop of Punjab and Haryana.
In states like Assam, West Bengal and Orissa, three crops of paddy are grown in a year.
These are Aus, Aman and Boro.
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Zaid Season
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In between the rabi and the kharif seasons, there is a short season during the summer
months.
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Crops: watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber, vegetables and fodder crops. Sugarcane takes
almost a year to grow.
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