Ashoka’s Edicts and Inscriptions: There are 14 major rock edicts, cave inscriptions, 7 pillar edicts including other inscriptions. The inscriptions found in the eastern part of India were written in the Magadhi language, using the Brahmi script. In the western part of India, the language used is closer to Sanskrit, using the Kharoshthi script.
Major Rock Edict 1: Prohibits animal slaughter
Major Rock Edict 2: Describes about Chola, Pandaya, Satyapura and Keralaputras
Major Rock Edict 13: Asoka’s victory over Kalinga. Vicroty of Ashoka’s dhamma over Greek kings, Potlemy, Antigonus, Magas, Alexander and Cholas. This is the largest edict. It mentions Kamboj, nabhaks, bhoja, Andhra etc.
Kalinga Edicts: Declares all people are Ashoka’s son
Kandhar Bilingual Rock Inscription: expresses satisfaction over Ashoka’s policy
Rummindei Pillar Inscription: Ashoka’s visit to Lumbini and exemption of Lumbini from tax
Nigalisagar Pillar Inscription: Mentions that Ashoka increased the height of stupa of Budhha to its double size
Allahabad Inscription: Originally by Ashoka, but later on edited and modified by Samudragupta and Jahangir. It was first installed in Kaushambi and later on brought to Allahabad.
Schism Edict: Also known as Kaushambi edict, is a command from emperor addressing the senior officials (mahamatras) of Kaushambi urging them to avoid dissension and stay united.
Queen Edicts: decribes about 2nd queen of Ashoka, Karuvaki.
Samudragupta Contribution: written in Gupta script (later version of Brahmi) by the poet and minister Harishena. It lists the political and military achievement of his reign and his expedition to the south. Harisena calls him Purusha (Supreme Being) and describes his conquests of Dakshinapatha (South India)
Hathigumpha Inscription: From Udaygiri near Bhubaneshwar in Orissa was written by Kharavela, the king of kalinga in India during the second century BC. It consists of 17 lines incised in deep cut Brahmi letters.
Rabatak Inscription: Written on a rock in Bactrian language, the inscription relates to Kushan emperor Kanishka and gives remarkable clues to the genealogy of the Kushan dynasty.
Halmidi Inscription: oldest inscription in the Kannada script.
Badami Chalukya Inscription in Old Kannada: Virupaksha temple, 745 AD
Kanheri Caves Inscription: In Brahmi script, related to Satvahanas period.
Aihole Inscription: written by Ravikriti, court poet of Pulakeshin II (Chalukya King). Mentions the victory of Pulakeshin II over Harshvardhana. It is in Sanskrit.
Tosham Rock Inscription, Haryana: Dedicated to Vaishnava sect (Satvata/Acarya) dating to 4th and 5th century CE.
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Nitish Kumar
Petroleum engineer by degree, Geologist by interest and UPSC aspirant by choice!
